翻譯中的語態變換

時間：2020-01-09 17:25:30　　來源：　編輯：

　　在翻譯中語態的選擇也很重要，針對不同的情況，語態的選擇也有些不同。下面土耳其語翻譯就來說說翻譯中的語態變換。

　　YUTAI，BAOKUOZHUDONGYUTAIHEBEIDONGYUTAI，SHIYONGLAISHUOMINGZHUYUHEWEIYUDEGUANXI。

　　1) SHENMESHI“YUTAIBIANHUAN”?

　　2) YINGYUYUTAIYUYINGYUCIXINGDEGUANXI?

　　3) YUHANYUXIANGBI，YINGYUYUTAIDETEDIANSHISHENME?

　　1.“YUTAIBIANHUAN”SHIZHIFANYIZHONGYINGYUHEHANYULIANGZHONGYUYANZHIJIANZHUDONGYUBEIDONGDEZHUANHUAN。YIWENLIDEYUTAIBINGBUYIDINGWANQUANZUNXUNYUANWENLIDEYUTAI，YAOGENJUQINGKUANGZUOQIADANGXUANZE。

　　2. YINGYUYUTAIYUYINGYUCIXINGYOUMIQIEDELIANXI。WOMENSHENZHIKEYIZHIJIETONGGUOYIGECILAIPANDUANTAJUYOUZHUDONGHANYIHUANSHIBEIDONGHANYI。RUYOUXIEMINGCIDEHOUZHUICHANGJUYOUZHUDONGYUTAIYIYI。ZUICHANGJIANDEYOU -ar，-or，-er，ZHEYANGDEDANCIYOUbeggar(QIGAI)，liar(GUANYUSHUOHUANGZHE)，instructor(ZHIDAOZHE)，professor(JIAOSHOU)，worker(GONGREN)，writer(ZUOZHE)。

　　LINGYIXIEMINGCIHOUZHUIRU-eeQUEJUYOUBEIDONGYIYI，ZHEYANGDEDANCIYOUexaminee(SHOUSHENCHAZHE，BEICESHIZHE)，interviewee(BEIFANGWENZHE)，employee(BEIGUYONGZHE)。CHUMINGCIWAI，YINGYUDINGGUANCI“the”YUGUOQUFENCIGOUCHENGDEMINGCICHANGZHICHENGSHOUZHE，RU：the oppressed(SHOUYAPOZHE)，the accused(BEIGAO)，the wounded(SHOUSHANGZHE)。

　　YOU-ingFENCIZHUANHUALAIDEXINGRONGCHANGDAIYOUZHUDONGYIYI，ERYOUJIWU-edFENCIZHUANHUALAIDEXINGRONGCIZECHANGDAIYOUBEIDONGYIYI。RUinteresting film(LINGRENGANXINGQUDEDIANYING)，disappointed look(SHIWANGDEBIAOQING)。YOUXIEYOUJIECI、MINGCIHEJIECIGOUCHENGDEJIECIDUANYUCHANGBIAODAZHUDONGYIYI，RU：in place of(TIDAI)，in need of(XUYAO)，in want of(XUYAO)，in possession of(YONGYOU)，in charge of(FUZE)，in control of(KONGZHI)。

　　DANYOUJIECI、DINGGUANCIthe、MINGCIHEJIECIGOUCHENGDEJIECIDUANYUCHANGBIAODABEIDONGYIYI，RU：at the mercy of(SHOU……BAIBU)，in the care of(YOU……ZHAOLIAO)，in the charge of(YOU……FUZE)，in the possession of(YOU……YONGYOU)，in the pay of(YOU……GUYONGDE)。

　　3. YUHANYUXIANGBI，YINGYUZHONGBEIDONGYUTAISHIYONGFANWEIFEICHANGGUANG。BEIDONGYUTAIDUOYONGYUYIXIACHANGHE。

　　1) BUQINGCHUDONGZUODEZHIXINGZHESHISHUI。

　　2) SHUOHUARENDUIBINYUDEXINGQUDAYUDUIZHUYUDEXINGQU。

　　3) BUYUANYISHUOCHUDONGZUODEZHIXINGZHE，MUDESHIWEILESHIYUYANGENGJIAYUANHUA、DETI。

　　4) CHUYUXIUSHIDEYUANYIN，HUOSHIJUZIANPAIGENGJIAHELI。

　　HANYUSUIRANYEYOU“BEI”、“YOU”ZHILEIDECIBIAOSHIDONGZUOSHIBEIDONGDE，DANZHEZHONGBIAODAYUANMEIYOUYINGYUDEBEIDONGYUTAINEIMECHANGJIAN。YINCI，HENDUOYINGYUBEIDONGJUZAIFANYISHIJIUBEIYICHENGLEHANYUDEZHUDONGJU。FANZHI，HENDUOHANYUDEZHUDONGJUZAIYICHENGYINGWENSHIHUIBIANCHENGYINGYUBEIDONGTAI。

　　HANYUHEYINGYU，ZAIYUTAIFANGMIANDEBUTONGKENENGHUIYINGXIANGWOMENFANYIDESHIHOUDUIYUTAIDEXUANZE。WOMENYAOZIXIDEXUEXIYISHANGLIZIZHONGCHUXIANDEYONGFA，ZHEYANGCAIKEYIDUIZHEFANGMIANZHISHIDEDAOYIGEGENGHAODELIJIE。YUTAI，BAOKUOZHUDONGYUTAIHEBEIDONGYUTAI，SHIYONGLAISHUOMINGZHUYUHEWEIYUDEGUANXI。ZAIFANYIZHONG，ZHENDUIBUTONGDEQINGKUANG，YUTAIDEXUANZEYEYOUXIEBUTONG。

　　1) SHENMESHI“YUTAIBIANHUAN”?

　　2) YINGYUYUTAIYUYINGYUCIXINGDEGUANXI?

　　3) YUHANYUXIANGBI，YINGYUYUTAIDETEDIANSHISHENME?

　　1.“YUTAIBIANHUAN”SHIZHIFANYIZHONGYINGYUHEHANYULIANGZHONGYUYANZHIJIANZHUDONGYUBEIDONGDEZHUANHUAN。YIWENLIDEYUTAIBINGBUYIDINGWANQUANZUNXUNYUANWENLIDEYUTAI，YAOGENJUQINGKUANGZUOQIADANGXUANZE。

　　2. YINGYUYUTAIYUYINGYUCIXINGYOUMIQIEDELIANXI。WOMENSHENZHIKEYIZHIJIETONGGUOYIGECILAIPANDUANTAJUYOUZHUDONGHANYIHUANSHIBEIDONGHANYI。RUYOUXIEMINGCIDEHOUZHUICHANGJUYOUZHUDONGYUTAIYIYI。ZUICHANGJIANDEYOU -ar，-or，-er，ZHEYANGDEDANCIYOUbeggar(QIGAI)，liar(GUANYUSHUOHUANGZHE)，instructor(ZHIDAOZHE)，professor(JIAOSHOU)，worker(GONGREN)，writer(ZUOZHE)。

　　LINGYIXIEMINGCIHOUZHUIRU-eeQUEJUYOUBEIDONGYIYI，ZHEYANGDEDANCIYOUexaminee(SHOUSHENCHAZHE，BEICESHIZHE)，interviewee(BEIFANGWENZHE)，employee(BEIGUYONGZHE)。CHUMINGCIWAI，YINGYUDINGGUANCI“the”YUGUOQUFENCIGOUCHENGDEMINGCICHANGZHICHENGSHOUZHE，RU：the oppressed(SHOUYAPOZHE)，the accused(BEIGAO)，the wounded(SHOUSHANGZHE)。

　　YOU-ingFENCIZHUANHUALAIDEXINGRONGCHANGDAIYOUZHUDONGYIYI，ERYOUJIWU-edFENCIZHUANHUALAIDEXINGRONGCIZECHANGDAIYOUBEIDONGYIYI。RUinteresting film(LINGRENGANXINGQUDEDIANYING)，disappointed look(SHIWANGDEBIAOQING)。YOUXIEYOUJIECI、MINGCIHEJIECIGOUCHENGDEJIECIDUANYUCHANGBIAODAZHUDONGYIYI，RU：in place of(TIDAI)，in need of(XUYAO)，in want of(XUYAO)，in possession of(YONGYOU)，in charge of(FUZE)，in control of(KONGZHI)。

　　DANYOUJIECI、DINGGUANCIthe、MINGCIHEJIECIGOUCHENGDEJIECIDUANYUCHANGBIAODABEIDONGYIYI，RU：at the mercy of(SHOU……BAIBU)，in the care of(YOU……ZHAOLIAO)，in the charge of(YOU……FUZE)，in the possession of(YOU……YONGYOU)，in the pay of(YOU……GUYONGDE)。

　　3. YUHANYUXIANGBI，YINGYUZHONGBEIDONGYUTAISHIYONGFANWEIFEICHANGGUANG。BEIDONGYUTAIDUOYONGYUYIXIACHANGHE。

　　1) BUQINGCHUDONGZUODEZHIXINGZHESHISHUI。

　　2) SHUOHUARENDUIBINYUDEXINGQUDAYUDUIZHUYUDEXINGQU。

　　3) BUYUANYISHUOCHUDONGZUODEZHIXINGZHE，MUDESHIWEILESHIYUYANGENGJIAYUANHUA、DETI。

　　4) CHUYUXIUSHIDEYUANYIN，HUOSHIJUZIANPAIGENGJIAHELI。

　　HANYUSUIRANYEYOU“BEI”、“YOU”ZHILEIDECIBIAOSHIDONGZUOSHIBEIDONGDE，DANZHEZHONGBIAODAYUANMEIYOUYINGYUDEBEIDONGYUTAINEIMECHANGJIAN。YINCI，HENDUOYINGYUBEIDONGJUZAIFANYISHIJIUBEIYICHENGLEHANYUDEZHUDONGJU。FANZHI，HENDUOHANYUDEZHUDONGJUZAIYICHENGYINGWENSHIHUIBIANCHENGYINGYUBEIDONGTAI。

　　HANYUHEYINGYU，ZAIYUTAIFANGMIANDEBUTONGKENENGHUIYINGXIANGWOMENFANYIDESHIHOUDUIYUTAIDEXUANZE。WOMENYAOZIXIDEXUEXIYISHANGLIZIZHONGCHUXIANDEYONGFA，ZHEYANGCAIKEYIDUIZHEFANGMIANZHISHIDEDAOYIGEGENGHAODELIJIE。YUTAI，BAOKUOZHUDONGYUTAIHEBEIDONGYUTAI，SHIYONGLAISHUOMINGZHUYUHEWEIYUDEGUANXI。ZAIFANYIZHONG，ZHENDUIBUTONGDEQINGKUANG，YUTAIDEXUANZEYEYOUXIEBUTONG。

　　1) SHENMESHI“YUTAIBIANHUAN”?

　　2) YINGYUYUTAIYUYINGYUCIXINGDEGUANXI?

　　3) YUHANYUXIANGBI，YINGYUYUTAIDETEDIANSHISHENME?

　　1.“YUTAIBIANHUAN”SHIZHIFANYIZHONGYINGYUHEHANYULIANGZHONGYUYANZHIJIANZHUDONGYUBEIDONGDEZHUANHUAN。YIWENLIDEYUTAIBINGBUYIDINGWANQUANZUNXUNYUANWENLIDEYUTAI，YAOGENJUQINGKUANGZUOQIADANGXUANZE。

　　2. YINGYUYUTAIYUYINGYUCIXINGYOUMIQIEDELIANXI。WOMENSHENZHIKEYIZHIJIETONGGUOYIGECILAIPANDUANTAJUYOUZHUDONGHANYIHUANSHIBEIDONGHANYI。RUYOUXIEMINGCIDEHOUZHUICHANGJUYOUZHUDONGYUTAIYIYI。ZUICHANGJIANDEYOU -ar，-or，-er，ZHEYANGDEDANCIYOUbeggar(QIGAI)，liar(GUANYUSHUOHUANGZHE)，instructor(ZHIDAOZHE)，professor(JIAOSHOU)，worker(GONGREN)，writer(ZUOZHE)。

　　LINGYIXIEMINGCIHOUZHUIRU-eeQUEJUYOUBEIDONGYIYI，ZHEYANGDEDANCIYOUexaminee(SHOUSHENCHAZHE，BEICESHIZHE)，interviewee(BEIFANGWENZHE)，employee(BEIGUYONGZHE)。CHUMINGCIWAI，YINGYUDINGGUANCI“the”YUGUOQUFENCIGOUCHENGDEMINGCICHANGZHICHENGSHOUZHE，RU：the oppressed(SHOUYAPOZHE)，the accused(BEIGAO)，the wounded(SHOUSHANGZHE)。

　　YOU-ingFENCIZHUANHUALAIDEXINGRONGCHANGDAIYOUZHUDONGYIYI，ERYOUJIWU-edFENCIZHUANHUALAIDEXINGRONGCIZECHANGDAIYOUBEIDONGYIYI。RUinteresting film(LINGRENGANXINGQUDEDIANYING)，disappointed look(SHIWANGDEBIAOQING)。YOUXIEYOUJIECI、MINGCIHEJIECIGOUCHENGDEJIECIDUANYUCHANGBIAODAZHUDONGYIYI，RU：in place of(TIDAI)，in need of(XUYAO)，in want of(XUYAO)，in possession of(YONGYOU)，in charge of(FUZE)，in control of(KONGZHI)。

　　DANYOUJIECI、DINGGUANCIthe、MINGCIHEJIECIGOUCHENGDEJIECIDUANYUCHANGBIAODABEIDONGYIYI，RU：at the mercy of(SHOU……BAIBU)，in the care of(YOU……ZHAOLIAO)，in the charge of(YOU……FUZE)，in the possession of(YOU……YONGYOU)，in the pay of(YOU……GUYONGDE)。

　　3. YUHANYUXIANGBI，YINGYUZHONGBEIDONGYUTAISHIYONGFANWEIFEICHANGGUANG。BEIDONGYUTAIDUOYONGYUYIXIACHANGHE。

　　1) BUQINGCHUDONGZUODEZHIXINGZHESHISHUI。

　　2) SHUOHUARENDUIBINYUDEXINGQUDAYUDUIZHUYUDEXINGQU。

　　3) BUYUANYISHUOCHUDONGZUODEZHIXINGZHE，MUDESHIWEILESHIYUYANGENGJIAYUANHUA、DETI。

　　4) CHUYUXIUSHIDEYUANYIN，HUOSHIJUZIANPAIGENGJIAHELI。

　　HANYUSUIRANYEYOU“BEI”、“YOU”ZHILEIDECIBIAOSHIDONGZUOSHIBEIDONGDE，DANZHEZHONGBIAODAYUANMEIYOUYINGYUDEBEIDONGYUTAINEIMECHANGJIAN。YINCI，HENDUOYINGYUBEIDONGJUZAIFANYISHIJIUBEIYICHENGLEHANYUDEZHUDONGJU。FANZHI，HENDUOHANYUDEZHUDONGJUZAIYICHENGYINGWENSHIHUIBIANCHENGYINGYUBEIDONGTAI。

　　HANYUHEYINGYU，ZAIYUTAIFANGMIANDEBUTONGKENENGHUIYINGXIANGWOMENFANYIDESHIHOUDUIYUTAIDEXUANZE。WOMENYAOZIXIDEXUEXIYISHANGLIZIZHONGCHUXIANDEYONGFA，ZHEYANGCAIKEYIDUIZHEFANGMIANZHISHIDEDAOYIGEGENGHAODELIJIE。